1. Titles of specialized courses (theory)

A. Musculoskeletal system

·         Biomechanics of musculoskeletal system

·         Diseases and musculoskeletal disorders with an emphasis on the areas of neck- trunk - upper limb – lower limb

·         Systemic diseases causing musculoskeletal disorders

·         Risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders and diseases

·         Interference of work with the intensification and improvement of the above diseases

·         Ergonomics of the occupational environment and the above diseases

·         Symptoms of musculoskeletal diseases and disorders and level of disabilities caused by these diseases

·         Approach to musculoskeletal disorders

·         Prevention

·         Patient education

B. Respiratory system

·         Etiology and pathophysiology of occupational respiratory diseases

·         Harmful factors to the respiratory system in occupational environments

·         People at high risk of occupational respiratory diseases

·         Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of occupational respiratory diseases with an emphasis on respiratory testing (diffusing capacity spirometry - bronchodilator challenge test - plethysmography) and the interpretations

·         Methods and indications for environmental monitoring of harmful factors for respiratory system and their limits

·         Biological monitoring methods for occupational diseases of the respiratory system

·         Calculating the level of disability and impairment caused by respiratory diseases and determining occupational conditions of patients

 

·         Prevention, protection and control of occupational respiratory diseases with respect to the priority of engineering and management controls and use of personal protective equipment

·         Referral of occupational respiratory patients

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C. Occupational Skin Diseases

·         Classification of occupational skin diseases based on exposed materials

·         Pathophysiology and risk factors

·         Examination and diagnostic tests

·         Treatment methods for occupational skin diseases

·         Methods of assessing and calculating the occupational skin disabilities

·         Fitness for work for patients with skin diseases

·         Effects of occupational environments on skin

·         Evaluation and monitoring of environmental harmful factors and biologic monitoring with respect to the risks of skin factors

·         Prevention of occurrence and intensification of occupational skin diseases

 

D. Ears, Nose, and Throat (ENT) Occupational Diseases

 

·         Pathophysiology of occupational ear diseases

·         Risk factors and population at risk

·         Examination of the  hearing system

·         Prescribing and interpreting paraclinical hearing tests

·         Diagnosis and differential diagnosis

·         Goals, components, management and guidance of hearing conservation program

·         Treatment methods for normal and emergency cases

·         Prevention of occupational hearing disorders

·         Methods, indications and value of environmental monitoring and biology of harmful occupational factors for the hearing system and interpretation of results

·         Prevention of occupational diseases of hearing system with respect to the priorities of engineering and management control and use of personal protective equipment

·         Prevention and diagnosis of occupational diseases of upper airways and sinuses

·         Rehabilitation methods

·         Patient referral

·         Patient education

 

      E. Cardiovascular System

·         History taking and examination

·         Pathophysiology and risk factors

·         Harmful factors of occupational environment

·         Effect of work and occupational environment on cardiovascular system

·         Non-occupational factors causing cardiovascular diseases

·         Diagnosis and differential diagnosis

·         Prevention of occurrence and intensification of cardiovascular diseases

·         Screening

·         Monitoring methods of harmful environmental factors

·         Return to work of patients

·         Level of disability caused by cardiovascular diseases in workers and determining fitness for work

·         Patient referral and education

 

F. Central and Peripheral Nervous System

·         Etiology and pathophysiology

·         Harmful and confounding environmental factors

·         History taking and examination

·         High-risk groups

·         Clinical and paraclinical diagnosis-differential diagnosis

·         Determining the severity of the disease and disability and determining fitness for work

·         Calculating and determining the level of disability and impairment of neurological diseases caused by occupation

·         Treatment methods

·         Prevention and control, with respect to the priorities of engineering and management control and use of personal protective equipment

·         Methods and indications of biological monitoring and environmental monitoring of harmful factors of nervous system

·         Rehabilitation methods

·         Patient referral and education

 

G. Mental and Behavioral Disorders

·         Mutual impact of mental and behavioral disorders and occupation

·         History taking and examination

·         Diagnosis and differential diagnosis

·         Occupational factors affecting the occurrence and intensification of mental diseases

·         Stressors of occupational environment

·         Occupational stress

·         Drug abuse

·         Prevention and control methods

·         Patient education and referral

 

H. Visual System

·         Occupational diseases of the visual system

·         Occupational eye diseases

·         Etiologic factors of pathophysiological mechanisms of eye diseases caused by occupational disorders

·         Necessary measurements in emergency cases

·         Methods, indications and the value of environmental monitoring of the above factors and interpreting the obtained results

·         Possible interference of these factors with each other and with other non-occupational factors in the  occurrence of eye diseases

·         General eye tests and evaluation of visual abilities of employees

·         Necessary measurements for final diagnosis

·         Indications and the conditions of using paraclinical tests of eye evaluation

·         Interpretation of results of paraclinical tests of eye evaluation

·         Prevention methods with respect to the priorities of engineering and management control and use of personal protective equipment

·         Determining fitness for work and calculating the level of disability and impairment

·          Accurate rehabilitation and treatment methods

·         Patient referral and education

 

       I. Reproduction System

·         Harmful factors of occupational environment and their effect on female or male reproductive system

·         Permitted environmental levels of exposure to the mentioned factors and absorption methods

·          Pathophysiology of occurrence of reproductive injury caused by exposure to environmental harmful factors

·         Diseases and reproductive disorders caused by occupation based on exposure and level of contact

·          History taking and examinations

·         Biological monitoring and effect monitoring

·         Request for laboratory and paraclinical tests

·         Differential diagnosis of reproductive disorders caused by occupation

·         Methods for prevention and control of reproductive diseases caused by occupation

·         Determining fitness for work and level of disability and impairment in reproductive disorders caused by exposure to harmful factors of occupational environment

·         Patient referral and education

J.     Infectious diseases

·         Etiology of occupational infectious diseases

·         Pathophysiology of occupational infectious diseases

·         Risk of factors resulting in the occurrence of occupational infectious diseases

·         Paraclinical and clinical necessary methods for diagnosis of occupational infectious diseases and interpreting the results

·         Methods of environmental and biological monitoring in the field of factors causing infectious diseases

·         Determining physical and occupational disability in infectious diseases and evaluation and calculation methods

·         Methods to prevent the occurrence and exacerbate of occupational infectious diseases

·         Vaccination and active and passive immunization against occupational infectious diseases

·         Methods to prevent and control occupational infectious diseases and travel medicine

K. Kidney Diseases Caused by Occupation

·         Nephrotoxins of occupational environments, such as solvents - heavy metals - silica – and phosphorus

·         Pathophysiology of occupational contacts on kidneys

·         Severe and chronic functional disorders caused by occupational contacts

·         Laboratory tests with the purpose of biological monitoring of nephrotoxins and their allowed limits

·         Suitable laboratory cytologic tests of urine and blood in order to examine the effects of nephrotoxins

·         Interpreting the biological results of monitoring

·         Calculating the level of disability and malfunction caused by occupational kidney disorders

·         Determining the fitting of individuals to the occupation in occurrence of   kidney diseases in facing with nephrotoxin

·         Prevention of renal disease following the exposure to nephrotoxins

 

l. Liver Diseases

·         Occupational etiologic factors of liver disorders

·         Methods of dealing with the mentioned factors

·         Pathophysiology of liver diseases caused by occupational factors

·         Effect of the mentioned factors on non-occupational liver diseases

·         Interference of the effect of these factors with other non-occupational factors in occurrence of liver diseases

·         Necessary measurements in dealing with these factors in emergency situations

·         Indications and conditions of using paraclinical tests of liver and evaluation and interpretation of results

·         Indications and biological and environmental monitoring methods of the above environmental factors and results of their interpretation

·         Necessary measurements for reaching a final diagnosis and rejection of non-occupational differential diagnosis

·         Determining the control methods with respect to priorities of engineering, management controls and use of personal protection equipment

·         Indications of change of occupation in patients and determining fitness for work

·         Patient referral and education

 

J. Blood Diseases

·         Etiology of occupational blood diseases

·         Pathophysiology of occupational blood diseases

·         History taking and examining patients with occupational blood diseases

·         Hematotoxins of occupational environments

·         Effects and diseases caused by these hematotoxins

·         Effects of simultaneous encounter with hematotoxins and other systemic diseases

·         Prevention methods for occurrence of blood diseases caused by hematotoxins

·         Effects of simultaneous exposure to some hematotoxins

·         Factors intensifying blood diseases in everyday life

·         Necessary measurements for obtaining a final diagnosis

·         Methods of environmental and biological monitoring of hematotoxins

·         Determining the fitting of patient's occupation with occupational environment containing hematotoxins

·         Control methods

·         Training employees about prevention of occurrence of occupational blood diseases

·         Disability and impairment caused by occupational blood diseases

·         Patients referral and education

 

M. Harmful Factors for Occupational Environment

·         Definitions of harmful factors for occupational environment

·         Classification of harmful factors for occupational environment

·         Main harmful factors in different occupations

·         Possible harmful factors of each industry based on type of the industry

·         Estimation of the level and conditions of workers' exposures and principles of walk through survey

 

N.    Occupational Cancers

·         Occupational environment carcinogens

·         Limits of exposure to occupational carcinogens

·         Classification of carcinogens in occupational environments based on OSHA, ACGIH, IARC classifications

·         Methods of absorption and pathophysiology of carcinogens of occupational environments in body

·          Laboratory and paraclinical tests suitable for biological monitoring and early diagnosis of occupational cancers

·         Differential diagnosis of occupational and non-occupational cancers

·         Occupations and high risk processes in terms of incidence of cancer

·         Simultaneous effect of exposure to occupational carcinogens and smoking and other non-occupational factors

·         Correct prevention and control methods of occupational cancers

·         Fitting of individuals and exposure to occupational carcinogens

·         Determining the level of disability and impairment in cancers

·         Correct methods of rehabilitation and return to work of cancer patients

·         Patient referral and education

 

O.    Occupational Poisoning

·         Severe and chronic occupational poisoning

·         Occupational poisoning prevention methods

·         Necessary measurements for emergency cases of occupational poisoning

·          Necessary diagnosis measurements for occupational poisonings

·         Differential diagnosis of occupational poisoning

·         Standard treatments of occupational poisoning

·         Monitoring and control of side effects of the mentioned treatments

·         Fitness for Work and return to work of patients after treatment

 

P.    Occupational Health

·         Different devices and methods for sampling and measuring harmful factors

·         Allowed thresholds and different standards for a variety of harmful factors

·         Proper use of obtained results by experts of occupational health

·         Request for measurements of occupational health and interpreting the obtained results

 

Q.    Occupational Safety

·         Methods for recognition of danger center

·         Classification of incident and pseudo-incident and incident methods

·         Evaluation of risk of incident and danger center and interpretation of the obtained results

·         System of registering and reporting the incident

·         Incident control and prevention methods

·         High-risk population in each incident and design of necessary measurements for preventing the occurrence of incidents

·         Principles of establishment and implementation of occupational safety systems

 

M. Environmental Medicine

·         Harmful and pathogenic environmental factors

·         Diseases related to pathogenic environmental factors

·         Pathophysiology of diseases caused by environmental diseases

·         Biological monitoring of environmental diseases

·         Role of non-environmental factors and personal factors in occurrence of   environmental diseases

·         Effect of occupational factors in environmental diseases

·         High-risk populations exposed to environmental diseases

·         Control methods and principles of preventing environmental diseases

·         Effect of personal protective equipment in controlling environmental diseases

·         Teaching the causes, complications and ways of preventing diseases caused by environmental factors to the target population

·         Risk assessment and analysis of important dangerous environmental events and danger evaluation

 

R.     Air Pollution

·         Basics of air pollution, including air, soil and water

·         Classification of environmental pollution

·         Complications and diseases caused by environmental pollution (water, air and soil)

·         High-risk population exposed to environmental pollution (air, water and soil)

·         Methods for controlling and preventing environmental pollution (air, water and soil)

·         Principles and foundations of sewage treatment

·         Education of target population about the complications and diseases caused by environmental pollution (water, soil and air)

·         Principles and foundations for removal of environmental pollutants and its implementation methods

S. Sleep Disorder and Work Shift

·         Different types of sleep disorders and their diagnosis methods

·         Circadian rhythms of different body systems

·         Risk factors for sleep disorders and their diagnosis and screening methods

·         Coping with sleep disorders, especially in sensitive and high-risk businesses, such as driving and aviating

·         Different types of work shifts

·         Best types of work shift with respect to individual circumstances and effective factors of industry

·         Education of workers about the complications of shift work

·         Types of syndromes caused by incompatibility with work shift

·         Interferences with work shift complications caused by individual background illness

·         Complications of sleep disorders and their effect on occupational activity

·         Effects of occupational activities on sleep and their disorders and prevention method

·         Effects of sleep disorders on occupational activities and determining compatibility and condition of patients with the desired job

 

T.     Biological Monitoring

·         Environmental and biological monitoring and their association

·         Reasons for biological monitoring

·         Selection of the best biological monitoring based on biological mechanisms

·         Proper and useful biomarker characteristics for conducting biological monitoring in occupational contacts

·         Criteria for selecting a suitable biological monitoring method

·         A suitable biological sample for conducting biological monitoring

·         Causes of error in measurement and biological monitoring

·         Interference of smoking, drug abuse, foods and diseases with the results of biological monitoring

·          Ethical considerations in requesting and performing biological monitoring

 

U.     Occupational Health Services

·         Design occupational health system of occupational environments

·         Management of occupational health system of occupational environments

·         Establishment of the office of system for emergency services in occupational environments

·          Design and implementation of educational programs based on the requirements of different occupational environments

·         Vaccination program required in every occupational environment

 

V.    Rules and Regulations

·         Rules and regulations related to health of employees

·         Legal authorities for referral in cases of diseases and occupational accidents

·         Indications of referral and method of correspondence with legal centers and authorities

·         Responding to legal correspondence of different authorities

·          Principles of medical ethics in correspondence and communication with different authorities and patient rights

·          Documentation methods and completion of occupational health file

·         Informing workers and employers about laws and regulations related to occupational health

 

 

 

 

2. References